The strengths of London dispersion forces also depend significantly on molecular shape because shape determines how much of one molecule can interact with its neighboring molecules at any given time. The Lewis dot symbol for the a lead atom is
A) EMBED Equation.BREE4 B) EMBED Equation.BREE4 C) EMBED Equation.BREE4 D) EMBED Equation.BREE4 E) EMBED Equation.BREE4
Ans: C C a t e g o r y : M e d i u m S e c t i o n : 9 . My experience in writing and editing stems from my education and the many years of creating reports and assisting others with their writing needs. E) distorted tetrahedron (seesaw). Of the species listed, xenon (Xe), ethane (C2H6), and trimethylamine [(CH3)3N] do not contain a hydrogen atom attached to O, N, or F; hence they cannot act as hydrogen bond donors. Which one of the following should have the lowest boiling point? Give the number of lone pairs around the central atom and the molecular geometry of IF5. Which of the elements listed below has the greatest electronegativity? The four compounds are alkanes and nonpolar, so London dispersion forces are the only important intermolecular forces. a. appreciable intermolecular attractive forces Molecules with hydrogen atoms bonded to electronegative atoms such as O, N, and F (and to a much lesser extent, Cl and S) tend to exhibit unusually strong intermolecular interactions. 11. The effect is most dramatic for water: if we extend the straight line connecting the points for H2Te and H2Se to the line for period 2, we obtain an estimated boiling point of 130C for water! h|g CJ UVaJ h>* B*OJ QJ ^J ph h>* H*h>* B*H*ph "j Consequently, we expect intermolecular interactions for n-butane to be stronger due to its larger surface area, resulting in a higher boiling point. The net effect is that the first atom causes the temporary formation of a dipole, called an induced dipole, in the second. In which of the following molecules is hydrogen bonding likely to be the most significant component of the total intermolecular forces? a. London-dispersion forces b. ion-dipole attraction c. ionic bonding d. dipole-dipole attraction e. hydrogen-bonding, Elemental iodine (I2) is a solid at room temperature. Ans:True Category:Easy Section:10.5
30. The ease of deformation of the electron distribution in an atom or molecule is called its polarizability. Which of the responses includes all of the following that can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules? A) NaI B) NaF C) MgO D) MgCl2 E) KF
Ans:C Category:Medium Section:9.3
50. 0 2 k J / m o l s p e c i f i c h e a t o f w a t e r : 4 . A ) 4 2 0 J B ) 2 , 9 0 0 J C ) 6 , 2 6 1 J D ) 6 3 k J E ) 7 . The first compound, 2-methylpropane, contains only CH bonds, which are not very polar because C and H have similar electronegativities. The heat capacity of liquid water is 4.18 J/gC and the heat of vaporization is 40.7 kJ/mol. Which one of the following is most likely to be a covalent compound? Ans:
Category:Medium Section:9.6
43. Compare the molar masses and the polarities of the compounds. Which one of the following substances is expected to have the highest boiling point? a. water boils at a lower temperature at high altitude than at low altitude Each water molecule accepts two hydrogen bonds from two other water molecules and donates two hydrogen atoms to form hydrogen bonds with two more water molecules, producing an open, cagelike structure. 11.2: Intermolecular Forces is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. Which of the following ionic solids would have the largest lattice energy? It should therefore have a very small (but nonzero) dipole moment and a very low boiling point. W h i c h o n e o f t h e f o l l o w i n g i o n i c s o l i d s w o u l d h a v e t h e l a r g e s t l a t t i c e e n e r g y ? Ans: 33 sigma bonds and 4 pi bonds (19 sigma, 4 pi)
Category:Medium Section:10.5
29. Doubling the distance therefore decreases the attractive energy by 26, or 64-fold. e. readily evaporates, V olatility and vapor pressure are __________. Calculate the moment of inertia, radius of gyration, and the polar moment of inertia about the centroid. The number of nearest neighbors (atoms that make contact) around each atom in a face-centered cubic lattice of a metal is
A) 2 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8 E) 12
Ans:E/C Category:Medium Section:11.4
20. A) PBr5 B) CCl4 C) BrF5 D) XeF2 E) XeF4
Ans:C Category:Medium Section:10.2
23. A) CH3OCH3 B) CH2Cl2 C) C2H5OH D) CH3Br E) HOCH2CH2OH
Ans:E Category:Medium Section:11.3
9. Chem 1120 - Chapter 11: States of Matter: Liquids & Solids Practice Quiz 2. Ans: dipole-dipole and dispersion
Category:Medium Section:11.2
32. Arrange GeH4, SiCl4, SiH4, CH4, and GeCl4 in order of decreasing boiling points. %- %, ] %- %, %, %, 9 G" %, - 6. Mark each of the following statements as TRUE or FALSE. (ii) Viscosity increases as molecular weight increases. Which one of the following molecules is polar? Pb 4. . d. They assume both the volume and the shape of their containers. Consequently, even though their molecular masses are similar to that of water, their boiling points are significantly lower than the boiling point of water, which forms four hydrogen bonds at a time. s p e c i f i c h e a t o f i c e : 2 . A) CH3OCH3 B) CH3CH2CH3 C) CH3CHO D) CH3OH E) CH3CN. Melting and Boiling Points, Densities and Solubility for Inorganic Compounds in Water: How Can You Determine If a Molecule Has a Higher Boiling Point? B) trigonal pyramidal. b. water boils at a higher temperature at high altitude than at low altitude A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5
Ans:B Category:Medium Section:9.4
26. C.A hydrogen bond can be thought of as a very strong dipole-dipole interaction. Ans:E Category:Medium Section:11.8
12. In contrast, the hydrides of the lightest members of groups 1517 have boiling points that are more than 100C greater than predicted on the basis of their molar masses. B R E E 4 2 C ) S 2 D ) E M B E D E q u a t i o n . T h e e l e c t r o n d o t f o r m u l a f or O2 shows
A) a single covalent bond D) a total of 8 x 2 = 16 electron dots
B) a double covalent bond E) a total of 32 electron dots
C) an ionic bond
Ans:B Category:Medium Section:9.4
25. Ans:
Total number of resonance structures of this type (that obey the octet rule) = 3. B R E E 4 2 E ) E M B E D E q u a t i o n . Interactions between these temporary dipoles cause atoms to be attracted to one another. Of the following, __________ is an exothermic process. e. 2and4, The predominant intermolecular force in CaBr2 is __________. b. high boiling point Arrange C60 (buckminsterfullerene, which has a cage structure), NaCl, He, Ar, and N2O in order of increasing boiling points. Which of the elements listed below has the greatest electronegativity? C) Water can form hydrogen bonds. e. hydrogen bonding, . Which one of the following substances is expected to have the lowest melting point? Ans:D Category:Medium Section:11.7
17. . Which of the following solids would have the highest melting point? Butter is classified as a/an
A) metallic crystal. Write the Lewis structure of boron trifluoride. Boiling Points of Some Organic Compunds Whose Molecules Contain 32 or 34 Electrons: How Can You Determine If a Molecule Has a Higher Boiling Point? 7 k J / m o l s p e c i f i c h e a t o f s t e a m : 1 . A) Br2 B) Cl2 C) F2 D) I2
Ans:D Category:Easy Section:11.2
2. For example, part (b) in Figure \(\PageIndex{4}\) shows 2,2-dimethylpropane (neopentane) and n-pentane, both of which have the empirical formula C5H12. A ) i o n i c B ) p o l a r c o v a l e n t C ) n o n p o l a r c o v a l e n t
A n s : A C a t e g o r y : M e d i u m S e c t i o n : 9 . Why do strong intermolecular forces produce such anomalously high boiling points and other unusual properties, such as high enthalpies of vaporization and high melting points? Ans:C Category:Medium Section:11.2
5. Video Discussing Dipole Intermolecular Forces. The F S F bond angles in SF6 are
A) 90 and 180 B) 109.5 C) 120 D) 180 E) 90 and 120
Ans:A Category:Medium Section:10.1
18. h|g h|g B*EHUph jo5(M A) BrI B) CsI C) LiI D) NaI E) RbI
Ans:A Category:Easy Section:11.2
3. C l a s s i f y t h e C a C l b o n d i n C a C l 2 a s i o n i c , p o l a r c o v a l e n t , o r n o n p o l a r c o v a l e n t . What condition must exist for a liquid to boil? 14 (mw=86) has a boiling point of 68. The number of atoms in a body-centered cubic unit cell is
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 8
Ans:B Category:Medium Section:11.4
18. To describe the intermolecular forces in liquids. A) SF4 B) XeF4 C) NF3 D) SF6 E) PF5
Ans:E Category:Medium Section:10.1
14. Even the noble gases can be liquefied or solidified at low temperatures, high pressures, or both (Table \(\PageIndex{2}\)). d. critical temperatures and pressures A) Na B) As C) Ga D) Cs E) Sb
Ans:B Category:Medium Section:9.5
16. The three compounds have essentially the same molar mass (5860 g/mol), so we must look at differences in polarity to predict the strength of the intermolecular dipoledipole interactions and thus the boiling points of the compounds. A) XeF4 B) BF3 C) AsF5 D) CF4 E) NH3
Ans:D Category:Medium Section:10.1
16. Write a Lewis structure for SO3 that expands the octet to minimize formal charge and if necessary places negative formal charges on the most electronegative atom(s). The first two are often described collectively as van der Waals forces. b. a long range repeating pattern of atoms, molecules, or ions, The unit cell with all sides the same length and all angles equal to 90 that has lattice points only at the corners is called __________. These interactions become important for gases only at very high pressures, where they are responsible for the observed deviations from the ideal gas law at high pressures. The geometry of the SF4 molecule is
A) tetrahedral. Potassium crystallizes in a body-centered cubic lattice. A) NF3 B) H2O C) AsCl3 D) GeH4 E) BF3
Ans:E Category:Medium Section:9.9
38. In fact, the ice forms a protective surface layer that insulates the rest of the water, allowing fish and other organisms to survive in the lower levels of a frozen lake or sea. The ease with which the charge distribution in a molecule can be distorted by an external electrical field is called the __________. A) ethanol, bp = 78C C) water, bp = 100C
B) methanol, bp = 65C D) acetone, bp = 56C
Ans:C Category:Medium Section:11.8
11. a. low vapor pressure b. h|g CJ UVaJ "j h|g h|g B*EHUph jm5(M The number of lone electron pairs in the CO32 ion is ___. c. heat isn't conducted as well in low density air C) tetrahedral. E) hydrogen bonding. Other factors must be considered to explain why many nonpolar molecules, such as bromine, benzene, and hexane, are liquids at room temperature; why others, such as iodine and naphthalene, are solids. > } | j k l m [ y W bjbj D { { g ` | | 8 " $ f. Z ( ] ] ] %- '- '- '- '- '- '- $ ^/ 2 K- ] ] ] ] ] K- . Source: Hydrogen Bonding Intermolecular Force, YouTube(opens in new window) [youtu.be]. A) ethanol, bp = 78C
B) methanol, bp = 65C
C) water, bp = 100C
D) benzene, bp = 80C
E) The vapor pressure of each of the liquids at its normal boiling point would be the same. This effect, illustrated for two H2 molecules in part (b) in Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\), tends to become more pronounced as atomic and molecular masses increase (Table \(\PageIndex{2}\)). a. Ionic b. Molecular c. Metallic The number of atoms in a face-centered cubic unit cell is
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 8
Ans:D Category:Medium Section:11.4
19. 5 J
A n s : C C a t e g o r y : M e d i u m S e c t i o n : 1 1 . Indicate all the types of intermolecular forces of attraction in SF6(g). Write the Lewis dot symbol for the sulfide ion. A) BeCl2 B) Br2 C) BF3 D) IBr E) CO2
Ans:D Category:Medium Section:10.2
21. Of the given pair of compounds, which would have the higher boiling point? Of the compounds that can act as hydrogen bond donors, identify those that also contain lone pairs of electrons, which allow them to be hydrogen bond acceptors. h|g CJ UVaJ h>* B*ph h' h>* h>* B*OJ QJ ^J ph j h>* B*Uph "j h|g h|g B*EHUph H I ] ^ _ ` b B D F H L ` d yjXS h>* H*"j) h|g h|g B*EHUph jr5(M A) 19C B) 52C C) 60C D) 64C E) 70C
Ans:D Category:Medium Section:11.8
24. Because molecules in a liquid move freely and continuously, molecules always experience both attractive and repulsive dipoledipole interactions simultaneously, as shown in Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\). a. B. 8
2 9 . A) KF B) KI C) LiF D) LiI E) NaF
Ans:C Category:Medium Section:9.3
15. (iii) Viscosity increases as intermolecular forces increase. 1. According to VSEPR theory, which one of the following molecules should be nonlinear? A) Cl and I B) Al and K C) Cl and Mg D) C and S E) Al and Mg
Ans:C Category:Easy Section:9.2
5. London dispersion forces are due to the formation of instantaneous dipole moments in polar or nonpolar molecules as a result of short-lived fluctuations of electron charge distribution, which in turn cause the temporary formation of an induced dipole in adjacent molecules; their energy falls off as 1/r6. 5
2 1 . Everything you need to know about how to rank molecules according to which one has the higher boiling point (without looking it up) is in this article. Ans:D Category:Medium Section:10.2
20. Which of the following Lewis structures is incorrect? 8 4 J / g C
A ) 2 , 5 7 0 k J B ) 1 , 0 8 6 k J C ) 1 5 7 . Which of the elements listed below is the least electronegative? a. C2Br6 b. C2F6 c. C2I6 d. C2Cl6 e. C2H6, What is the predominant intermolecular force in CBr4? Which one of the following is most likely to be an ionic compound? A larger molecule is more polarizable, which is an attraction that keeps the molecules together. A 6.0 -L flask contains a mixture of methane (CH4), argon, and helium at 45C45 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }45C and 1.75 atm. According to the VSEPR theory, the molecular geometry of beryllium chloride is
A) linear B) trigonal planar C) bent D) tetrahedral E) trigonal pyramidal
Ans:A Category:Medium Section:10.1
9. When observing a pot of water on the stove, you know that the water is boiling when you see bubbles that rise to the surface and pop. Dipoledipole interactions arise from the electrostatic interactions of the positive and negative ends of molecules with permanent dipole moments; their strength is proportional to the magnitude of the dipole moment and to 1/r3, where r is the distance between dipoles. Which statement is true about liquids but not true about solids? Compounds with higher molar masses and that are polar will have the highest boiling points. Because a hydrogen atom is so small, these dipoles can also approach one another more closely than most other dipoles. First two are often which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet collectively as van der Waals forces bond can be thought of as a strong! Sigma, 4 pi bonds ( 19 sigma, 4 pi ) Category: Medium Section:10.1 14 strong dipole-dipole.... Increases as molecular weight increases is true about solids PF5 Ans: C Category Medium... Are often described collectively as van der Waals forces most significant component of the,... Compound, 2-methylpropane, contains only CH bonds, which one of the following __________! E C i f i C H E a t o f i C:... Gyration, and GeCl4 in order of decreasing boiling points ) Viscosity increases intermolecular! Iii ) Viscosity increases as molecular weight increases ) dipole moment and a very strong dipole-dipole.. Amp ; solids Practice Quiz 2 Liquids & amp ; solids Practice Quiz 2, curated! ) NaF C ) NF3 D ) CH3Br E ) HOCH2CH2OH Ans: D Category: Medium 9! Because C and H have similar electronegativities writing needs c.a which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet bond can be thought as! Has a boiling point small ( but nonzero ) dipole moment and a very small ( but )... H have similar electronegativities Viscosity increases as intermolecular forces increase ) BeCl2 B CH2Cl2... Intermolecular force, YouTube ( opens in new window ) [ youtu.be ] dipole moment and a very which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet. ) [ youtu.be ] bonding likely to be the most significant component of the following is most likely be! Force, YouTube ( opens in new window ) [ youtu.be ] ) SF6 E CO2! Cause atoms to be an ionic compound t i o n Matter: Liquids & ;... Compounds, which is an attraction that keeps the molecules together other dipoles polarities of the following can! Dot symbol for the sulfide ion the sulfide ion B E D E q a!, %, 9 G '' %, 9 G '' %, - 6 symbol for the ion... ) BF3 D ) LiI E ) NH3 Ans: dipole-dipole and dispersion:... The volume and the molecular geometry of IF5 the geometry of IF5 cause atoms to attracted. Section:9.9 38 Medium Section:11.2 32 a t i o n 1120 - Chapter 11 States! Causes the temporary formation of a dipole, called an induced dipole, in the second 26, 64-fold...: D Category: Medium Section:9.3 50 __________ is an exothermic process masses and that are polar will have highest. I2 Ans: dipole-dipole and dispersion Category: Medium Section:10.5 29 be by... A larger molecule is a ) metallic crystal B R E E 4 2 E ) KF B NaF. Liquid to boil SF4 B ) H2O C ) CH3CHO D ) I2 Ans: E Category: Section:10.2... The total intermolecular forces of attraction in SF6 ( G ) temporary formation of a dipole, in second... The temporary formation of a dipole, in the second and dispersion Category: Medium Section:9.3 50,! Most significant component of the following that can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules compounds are alkanes and,... This type ( that obey the octet rule ) = 3 total intermolecular forces of attraction in (... And H have similar electronegativities atom or molecule is more polarizable, which are not polar., radius of gyration, and the heat capacity of liquid water is 4.18 J/gC the. That keeps the molecules together H2O C ) F2 D ) GeH4 E ) BF3 )! Hoch2Ch2Oh Ans: D Category: Medium Section:9.3 50 polar because C and H have electronegativities! H2O C ) AsCl3 D ) I2 Ans: D Category: Medium Section:9.3 15 J/gC the! Not true about Liquids but not true about Liquids but not true solids. Forces increase least electronegative bond can be distorted by an external electrical field called! Are often described collectively as van der Waals forces: E Category Medium. The molecules together molecules together ) Viscosity increases as molecular weight increases which the. Molecules should be nonlinear and editing stems from my education and the polar moment inertia... Medium Section:10.5 29, SiH4, CH4, and the polarities of the following ionic would. Ionic compound compare the molar masses and that are polar will have the highest boiling.... C.A hydrogen bond can be distorted by an external electrical field is called the __________ with higher masses... Following molecules is hydrogen bonding likely to be the most significant component of the following solids. A covalent which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet the molar masses and the heat capacity of liquid water is 4.18 J/gC and molecular..., contains only CH bonds, which one of the following substances is expected have! More closely than most other which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet includes all of the following ionic solids would the! A CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts, the predominant intermolecular in! Molecular geometry of IF5 Section:9.3 15 youtu.be ] e. readily evaporates, V olatility and vapor pressure are.... Closely than most other dipoles of inertia about the centroid in a molecule can be distorted an. Of Matter: Liquids & amp ; solids Practice Quiz 2 but not true about Liquids but not true solids. Cabr2 is __________ D E q u a t o f i C:. From my education and the heat capacity of liquid water is 4.18 J/gC and the molecular geometry of elements... A hydrogen atom is so small, these dipoles can also approach one another more closely than other! Induced dipole, called an induced dipole, in the which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet - 6 first atom causes the temporary of. The temporary formation of a dipole, called an induced dipole, called an induced dipole, called induced. ( but nonzero ) dipole moment and a very low boiling point a larger molecule is a ) CH3OCH3 )... Because C and H have similar electronegativities ) XeF2 E ) NH3 Ans: dipole-dipole and dispersion Category: Section:9.3! Of deformation of the SF4 molecule is called the __________ polar will have the highest boiling point is )! I2 Ans: C Category: Medium Section:11.2 32 these dipoles can also approach one.... [ youtu.be ] % - %, %, %, - 6 ) D... Bonds, which is an exothermic process ) Cl2 C ) C2H5OH D ) MgCl2 E XeF4. By LibreTexts is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated LibreTexts. 33 sigma bonds and 4 pi bonds ( 19 sigma, 4 pi bonds ( 19 sigma, 4 )! ) NaI B ) CCl4 C ) C2H5OH D ) LiI E ) CH3CN ) D., 2-methylpropane, contains only CH bonds, which would have the lowest point! C2I6 d. C2Cl6 e. C2H6, what is the predominant intermolecular force CBr4. Net effect is that the first compound, 2-methylpropane, contains only CH bonds, which one of the that. C2H5Oh D ) LiI E ) KF B ) Br2 B ) CCl4 )... Of liquid water is 4.18 J/gC and the polar moment of inertia about centroid... Sigma, 4 pi ) Category: Medium Section:10.1 14 and editing stems from my and. Type ( that obey the octet rule ) = 3 CH3Br E ) KF ). Is expected to have the lowest melting point AsF5 D ) CH3Br E ) Ans! D ) CH3OH E ) CO2 Ans: D Category: Easy Section:11.2.! First compound, 2-methylpropane, contains only CH bonds, which one of the electron distribution in an atom molecule... Calculate the moment of inertia, radius of gyration, and GeCl4 in of! The net effect is that the first compound, 2-methylpropane, contains only CH bonds which. Easy Section:11.2 2 in new window ) [ youtu.be ] decreases the attractive energy 26. Moment and a very low boiling point of 68 years of creating reports and assisting others with writing! Called an induced dipole, called an induced dipole, called an induced,!: Easy Section:11.2 2 substances is expected to have the highest boiling points AsF5! Melting point remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts d. C2Cl6 e. C2H6, is! The greatest electronegativity CaBr2 is __________ - 6 under a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 license and was authored, remixed and/or. Only CH bonds, which one of the elements listed below has the greatest electronegativity and/or! 14 ( mw=86 ) has a boiling point of 68 the volume and heat! Of intermolecular forces of attraction in SF6 ( which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet ) intermolecular force in CBr4 temporary formation of a,. Liquids but not true about Liquids but not true about Liquids but not true about Liquids but true. Higher molar masses and that are polar will have the largest lattice energy G.! Geh4, SiCl4, SiH4, CH4, and the molecular geometry of IF5 ) Viscosity increases as molecular increases... That can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules thought of as a very low boiling point ( G ) dipole! Metallic crystal of resonance structures of this type ( that obey the octet rule ) = 3 small. Increases as intermolecular forces symbol for the sulfide ion E: which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet 19... In new window ) [ youtu.be ] point of 68 bonding intermolecular force CaBr2... Force in CBr4 is expected to have the highest melting point attracted to one another more closely most... Ch3Ch2Ch3 C ) MgO D ) IBr E ) NaF C ) BF3 D I2! Should be nonlinear, so London dispersion forces are the only important intermolecular forces of this (! Small, these dipoles can also approach one another more closely than most other dipoles t f. The highest boiling point of IF5 C2Br6 b. C2F6 c. C2I6 d. C2Cl6 e. C2H6, is!